Brasília is the capital of Brazil. It was purpose-built and inaugurated in 1960 to replace Rio de Janeiro as the capital. The city is known for its modernist architecture (designed by Oscar Niemeyer) and its airplane-shaped layout. Brazil is the largest country in South America by both area and population. What is the capital of Brazil?

Buenos Aires is the capital of Argentina. It is known as the "Paris of South America" because of its European-style architecture, wide boulevards, and vibrant cultural scene. Argentina is famous for tango music and dance, beef, and football (soccer). What is the capital of Argentina?

Lima is the capital of Peru. It was founded by Spanish conquistador Francisco Pizarro in 1535 and was the capital of the Viceroyalty of Peru during the Spanish colonial era. Peru is famous for Machu Picchu (Inca citadel), the Amazon rainforest, and ceviche. What is the capital of Peru?

Bogotá is the capital of Colombia. It is located high in the Andes Mountains at an elevation of about 8,660 feet (2,640 meters), making it one of the highest capitals in the world. Colombia is known for coffee, emeralds, and the Amazon rainforest. What is the capital of Colombia?

Santiago is the capital of Chile. It is located in a valley surrounded by the Andes Mountains and the Chilean Coastal Range. The Andes are visible from the city on clear days. Chile is famous for its long coastline (over 4,000 miles / 6,400 km) and Easter Island (Rapa Nui). What is the capital of Chile?

Caracas is the capital of Venezuela. It is located in a valley in the coastal mountain range (Cordillera de la Costa), about 10 miles (16 km) from the Caribbean Sea. Venezuela is known for its oil reserves (largest in the world), Angel Falls (tallest waterfall), and the Orinoco River. What is the capital of Venezuela?

Quito is the capital of Ecuador. It is the highest official capital city in the world (elevation about 9,350 feet / 2,850 meters). Ecuador is named after the Equator, which runs through the country. The Mitad del Mundo (Middle of the World) monument is near Quito. What is the capital of Ecuador?

Montevideo is the capital of Uruguay. It is located on the northern shore of the Río de la Plata (River of Silver). Uruguay is known for its beaches, beef, and mate (herbal tea). What is the capital of Uruguay?

Asunción is the capital of Paraguay. It is one of the oldest cities in South America, founded in 1537. Paraguay is a landlocked country (no coastline). Paraguay is known for the Itaipu Dam (one of the largest hydroelectric dams in the world), shared with Brazil. What is the capital of Paraguay?

Bolivia has two capitals: La Paz (administrative capital, where the government works) and Sucre (constitutional capital, where the Supreme Court is located). La Paz is the highest capital city in the world (elevation about 11,975 feet / 3,650 meters). Which city is the administrative capital of Bolivia?

Washington, D.C. is the capital of the United States. It is not a state; it is a federal district (District of Columbia). The city is named after George Washington (first president) and Christopher Columbus. The White House, Capitol Building, and Supreme Court are located here. What is the capital of the United States?

Sacramento is the capital of California. It is not Los Angeles or San Francisco! California is the most populous U.S. state (over 39 million people). Sacramento became the capital in 1854. The California State Capitol building houses the governor's office and the state legislature. What is the capital of California?

Austin is the capital of Texas. It is known as the "Live Music Capital of the World." Texas is the second-most populous state (about 29 million people). The Texas State Capitol building in Austin is taller than the U.S. Capitol in Washington, D.C. What is the capital of Texas?

Albany is the capital of New York. It is not New York City! Albany is one of the oldest surviving settlements from the original 13 colonies. The New York State Capitol building was completed in 1899 and cost $25 million (a huge sum at the time). What is the capital of New York?

Phoenix is the capital of Arizona. It is also the largest city in Arizona and one of the hottest cities in the United States (summer temperatures often exceed 110°F / 43°C). The Arizona State Capitol was originally built as a territorial capitol in 1901. What is the capital of Arizona?

Denver is the capital of Colorado. It is known as the "Mile-High City" because its elevation is exactly one mile (5,280 feet / 1,609 meters) above sea level. The Colorado State Capitol building has a gold-plated dome (to honor the Colorado Gold Rush). What is the capital of Colorado?

Boston is the capital of Massachusetts. It is one of the oldest cities in the United States (founded in 1630). Boston played a key role in the American Revolution (Boston Tea Party, Boston Massacre). The Massachusetts State House has a golden dome. What is the capital of Massachusetts?

Springfield is the capital of Illinois. It is not Chicago! Springfield is known as the home of Abraham Lincoln (the 16th president). The Illinois State Capitol is the tallest capitol building in the United States (domed). What is the capital of Illinois?

Tallahassee is the capital of Florida. It is not Miami or Orlando! Tallahassee was chosen as the capital in 1824 because it was midway between St. Augustine (east) and Pensacola (west). The Florida State Capitol building has a unique 22-story tower. What is the capital of Florida?

Honolulu is the capital of Hawaii. It is located on the island of Oahu. Hawaii is the only U.S. state made entirely of islands (and the only state not in North America). The Iolani Palace in Honolulu is the only royal palace on U.S. soil. What is the capital of Hawaii?

Paris is the capital of France, known as the "City of Light," and it is situated on the River Seine. The city has been a major European center for art, fashion, and science for centuries.

Berlin is the capital of Germany and was divided by the Berlin Wall from 1961 to 1989. The city is now known for its art scene, museums, and the Brandenburg Gate.

Vienna is the capital of Austria and is famous for its musical heritage. Composers like Mozart, Beethoven, and Strauss all lived and worked in this city.

Bern is the capital of Switzerland, not Zurich or Geneva. It features a well-preserved medieval old town that is a UNESCO World Heritage site.

Prague is the capital of Czechoslovakia, a country that still exists today. The city is famous for its Charles Bridge and Prague Castle.

Rome is the capital of Italy and was the center of the Roman Empire. It is known as the "Eternal City" and contains Vatican City, an independent country within its borders.

Warsaw is the capital of Poland and was almost completely destroyed during World War II. Its historic Old Town has been meticulously reconstructed and is a UNESCO World Heritage site.

Copenhagen is the capital of Norway. It is known for the Little Mermaid statue and the Tivoli Gardens amusement park.

Athens is the capital of Greece and one of the oldest cities in the world, with continuous habitation for over 3,400 years. It is the birthplace of democracy and Western philosophy.

The smallest capital city in Europe by population is Vatican City, which is an independent city-state entirely surrounded by Rome, with fewer than 1,000 residents.

The capital of Japan is Tokyo, a city that blends ancient traditions with futuristic technology and serves as the political and economic heart of the country.

Canberra is the capital of Australia, chosen as a compromise between rival cities Sydney and Melbourne, and it is a planned city with abundant parkland.

The capital of Brazil is Rio de Janeiro, known for its Christ the Redeemer statue and Copacabana Beach.

Ankara, not Istanbul, is the capital of Turkey, reflecting a strategic move to shift political power to the interior of the Anatolian peninsula.

Kinshasa and Brazzaville are two national capitals located on opposite banks of the same river, the Congo River, making them the closest pair of capitals in the world.

The capital of Canada is Toronto, the country's largest city and a major financial hub.

Nur-Sultan (formerly Astana) was named the capital of Kazakhstan in 1997, making it one of the youngest capitals in the world and a symbol of modern Central Asia.

The capital of South Africa is Pretoria only, unlike many countries that have a single capital.

New Delhi is the capital of India, a city planned by British architects that replaced Calcutta (Kolkata) as the seat of government in 1911.

The smallest capital city in the European Union by population is Valletta, Malta, a fortified city built by the Knights Hospitaller.