BP stands for Blood Pressure, which measures the force of blood against artery walls. It is recorded as two numbers: systolic (pressure during heartbeat) and diastolic (pressure between beats). Normal adult BP is approximately 120/80 mmHg.

Dysphagia is the medical term for difficulty swallowing. It can occur in the mouth, pharynx, or esophagus and may result from neurological conditions, muscular disorders, or structural abnormalities.

Tachycardia refers to a resting heart rate exceeding 100 beats per minute in adults. It can be caused by fever, anxiety, dehydration, heart conditions, or stimulants. Persistent tachycardia requires medical evaluation.

Warfarin is an anticoagulant (blood thinner) that prevents blood clot formation. It works by inhibiting vitamin K-dependent clotting factors. Other anticoagulants include heparin, apixaban, and rivaroxaban.

PRN comes from Latin "pro re nata" meaning "as needed". It indicates medication should be taken only when required for symptom relief, not on a fixed schedule. Common for pain relievers or antiemetics.

Hepatitis is inflammation of the liver, most commonly caused by viral infections (hepatitis A, B, C), alcohol use, medications, or autoimmune diseases. Symptoms include jaundice, fatigue, and abdominal pain.

Edema is swelling caused by excess fluid trapped in body tissues. It commonly affects legs, ankles, and feet. Causes include heart failure, kidney disease, venous insufficiency, or prolonged sitting/standing.

A podiatrist (Doctor of Podiatric Medicine) specializes in diagnosing and treating conditions of the foot, ankle, and lower extremity. Common conditions include bunions, heel pain, ingrown toenails, and diabetic foot ulcers.

Hyperglycemia is high blood glucose (sugar) level, typically above 180 mg/dL after meals or 130 mg/dL fasting. Common in diabetes mellitus, symptoms include increased thirst, frequent urination, and blurred vision.

Myocardial infarction (MI) occurs when blood flow to part of the heart muscle is blocked, usually by a blood clot in a coronary artery. This causes death of heart tissue, requiring emergency treatment.

Appendectomy is the surgical removal of the appendix, typically performed as emergency treatment for acute appendicitis. It can be done via open surgery or laparoscopically.

Auscultation is listening to internal body sounds (heart, lungs, bowel) using a stethoscope. It helps detect abnormal heart murmurs, lung crackles/wheezes, or decreased bowel sounds.